{
 "slug": "x402-market-structure",
 "url": "https://stillosdigitalholdings.com/findings/x402-market-structure",
 "question": "How many real operators are behind the x402 vendor economy, and how concentrated is it?",
 "headline": "34,391 listed x402 resources resolve to 3,268 hosts and 2,509 payout wallets; 84.5% of wallets run a single host and one collects for 296.",
 "cite_as": "The x402 economy's 34,391 listed resources resolve to 2,509 distinct payout wallets as of 2026-11-07; 84.5% operate a single host and the top 10 wallets account for 22.3% of all host-to-wallet links (Still OS Digital Holdings LLC, x402 market-structure census, n=34,391 resources).",
 "numbers": {
  "Listed resources (capabilities x hosts)": "34,391",
  "Distinct hosts": "3,268",
  "Distinct payout wallets": "2,509",
  "Wallets operating a single host": "2,121 (84.5%)",
  "Largest operator, by hosts billed to one wallet": "296",
  "Top-10 wallets, share of host-to-wallet links": "22.3%",
  "As of": "2026-11-07"
 },
 "method": "The newest dated snapshot of the x402 resource catalog is parsed once. Hosts are taken from each resource URL; operators are keyed on the payTo address inside each accepted payment requirement, lower-cased. Only distinct counts are reported — a host is counted once regardless of how many capabilities it lists — so the operator count is never inflated by the per-capability rollup. No judgement is made about any operator; running many hosts is an observation, not a finding against anyone.",
 "producers": [
  "/home/marcus/state/x402-catalog/resources-2026-11-07.jsonl"
 ],
 "defines_term": {
  "name": "Operator Concentration",
  "abbr": "OC",
  "definition": "The gap between the x402 economy's listing count and its real operator count, measured by resolving listed resources to distinct payout wallets - the hardest-to-fake identity in the system - and reporting the share of operators running a single host and the top operators' share of all host-to-wallet links."
 },
 "cite": {
  "canonical": "The x402 economy's 34,391 listed resources resolve to 2,509 distinct payout wallets as of 2026-11-07; 84.5% operate a single host and the top 10 wallets account for 22.3% of all host-to-wallet links (Still OS Digital Holdings LLC, x402 market-structure census, n=34,391 resources).",
  "identifier": "https://stillosdigitalholdings.com/findings/x402-market-structure",
  "doi": null,
  "bibtex": "@misc{stillos-x402marketstructure-2026,\n  author       = {{Still OS Digital Holdings LLC}},\n  title        = {34,391 listed x402 resources resolve to 3,268 hosts and 2,509 payout wallets; 84.5% of wallets run a single host and one collects for 296.},\n  year         = {2026},\n  howpublished = {\\url{https://stillosdigitalholdings.com/findings/x402-market-structure}},\n  note         = {Operator Concentration. Measured, dated and recomputable. Accessed 2026-11-07.},\n  url          = {https://stillosdigitalholdings.com/findings/x402-market-structure}\n}",
  "apa": "Still OS Digital Holdings LLC. (2026). 34,391 listed x402 resources resolve to 3,268 hosts and 2,509 payout wallets; 84.5% of wallets run a single host and one collects for 296.. Retrieved 2026-11-07, from https://stillosdigitalholdings.com/findings/x402-market-structure",
  "accessed": "2026-11-07",
  "url": "https://stillosdigitalholdings.com/findings/x402-market-structure",
  "license": "Free to quote with attribution (CC BY 4.0)."
 }
}